- impurity introduction
- Макаров: введение примеси
Универсальный англо-русский словарь. Академик.ру. 2011.
impurity introduction
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Epitaxy — refers to the method of depositing a monocrystalline film on a monocrystalline substrate. The deposited film is denoted as epitaxial film or epitaxial layer. The term epitaxy comes from a Greek root ( epi above and taxis in ordered manner ) which … Wikipedia
industrial glass — Introduction solid material that is normally lustrous and transparent in appearance and that shows great durability under exposure to the natural elements. These three properties lustre, transparency, and durability make glass a favoured… … Universalium
copper processing — Introduction use of smelting or leaching, usually followed by electrolytic refining or recovery, to turn the ore into a form from which products can be fashioned. Included in this article also is a discussion of the mining of copper and of its… … Universalium
aluminum processing — Introduction preparation of the ore for use in various products. Aluminum, or aluminium (Al), is a silvery white metal with a melting point of 660° C (1,220° F) and a density of 2.7 grams per cubic centimetre. The most abundant… … Universalium
English literature — Introduction the body of written works produced in the English language by inhabitants of the British Isles (including Ireland) from the 7th century to the present day. The major literatures written in English outside the British Isles are… … Universalium
petroleum refining — Introduction conversion of crude oil into useful products. History Distillation of kerosene and naphtha The refining of crude petroleum owes its origin to the successful drilling of the first oil well in Titusville, Pa., in 1859. Prior to… … Universalium
materials testing — Introduction measurement of the characteristics and behaviour of such substances as metals, ceramics, or plastics under various conditions. The data thus obtained can be used in specifying the suitability of materials for various… … Universalium
lead processing — Introduction preparation of the ore for use in various products. Lead (Pb) is one of the oldest metals known, being one of seven metals used in the ancient world (the others are gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, and mercury). Its low… … Universalium
titanium processing — Introduction preparation of the ore for use in various products. Titanium (Ti) is a soft, ductile, silvery gray metal with a melting point of 1,675° C (3,047° F). Owing to the formation on its surface of an oxide film that is… … Universalium
zinc processing — Introduction preparation of the ore for use in various products. Zinc (Zn) is a metallic element of hexagonal close packed (hcp) crystal structure and a density of 7.13 grams per cubic centimetre. It has only moderate hardness and can … Universalium
colour — /kul euhr/, n., adj. v.t., v.i. Chiefly Brit. color. Usage. See or1. * * * I Aspect of any object that may be described in terms of hue, brightness, and saturation. It is associated with the visible wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, which … Universalium
